Essential of Islam – Fard Ulum Course Date: February 27, 2024

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Key Points:

1. States of Impurity:
   • Major Impurity (Janabah): Requires Ghusl (ritual purification).
     • Prohibited Actions:
       • Performing Salah (prayer).
       • Reciting or touching the Qur’an without a covering.
       • Entering a Masjid.
       • Performing Tawaf.
   • Minor Impurity: Requires Wudu (ablution).
     • Prohibited Actions:
       • Performing Salah.
       • Tawaf of the Kaaba.
       • Touching the Qur’an directly.
2. Istihaza (Irregular Bleeding):
   • Considered like chronic conditions (e.g., constant gas or nosebleeds).
   • Affected individuals must perform Wudu for every Salah time.
   • Salah and fasting remain obligatory during this condition.
3. Types of Impurities:
   • Najasa Hukmiyya: States of impurity.
     • Major (Janabah): Requires Ghusl.
     • Minor (Hadath): Requires Wudu.
   • Najasa Haqiqiyya: Physical impurities.
     • Heavy (Najasa Ghaliza):
       • Examples: Alcohol, flowing blood, urine from Haram animals, feces.
       • Minimum quantity to nullify Salah is very small.
     • Light (Najasa Khafifa):
       • Examples: Bird droppings.
       • Larger permissible quantity before invalidating Salah.
4. Rulings on Impurities:
   • Traces of urine as small as a pinhead are excused.
   • Dry filth does not transfer impurity unless reactivated (e.g., by moisture).
   • Wind-blown filth or non-visible traces do not make clothes impure.
5. Alcohol Rulings:
   • Alcohol that is intoxicating (e.g., ethanol) is impure (Najasa).
   • Non-intoxicating scientific alcohols may be permissible.
   • Medicines with alcohol are permissible when medically necessary.
   • Naturally fermented products (e.g., vinegar) are Halal unless intoxicating.
6. Purifiers (to be discussed further):
   • How to purify oneself and substances from impurity.

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Quranic References:

• Surah Al-Ma’idah (5:90): Describes intoxicants as “Rijs” (filth), categorizing alcohol as impure.

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Hadith References:

1. Nabeed (Drink of Dates): Sahaba consumed date-infused water within two days before fermentation made it intoxicating and Haram.
2. Vinegar: A staple of the Prophet ﷺ, deemed Halal due to the transformative process negating the initial impurity of wine.

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Questions and Answers Highlighted:

1. Question: “What if flowing blood stops for a short while; does the excuse end?”
   • Answer: No, the excuse ends only if the condition ceases for the entire duration of a Salah time.
2. Question: “Is vinegar derived from wine permissible?”
   • Answer: Yes, as the fermentation process transforms it, making it Halal.
3. Question: “Can alcohol-based medicines like Nyquil be used?”
   • Answer: Permissible when necessary and no alternative is available.
4. Question: “How to classify alcohol in creams and perfumes?”
   • Answer: Intoxicating alcohols are impure even in small amounts. Non-intoxicating types may be permissible.